Encefalomielitis diseminada aguda

1. Erol I, Ozkale Y, Alkan O, et al. Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis in children and adolescents: a single center experience. Pediatr Neurol. 2013; 49:266–273.

2. Jayakrishnan MP, Krishnakumar P. Clinical profile of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis in children. J Pediatr Neurosci. 2010; 5:111–114.

3. Leake JA, Albani S, Kao AS, et al. Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis in childhood: epidemiologic, clinical and laboratory features. Pediatr Infect Dis J. 2004; 23:756–764.

4. Pavone P, Pettoello-Mantovano M, Le Pira A, et al. Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis: a long-term prospective study and meta-analysis. Neuropediatrics. 2010; 41:246–255.

5. Tenembaum S, Chamoles N, Fejerman N. Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis: a long-term follow-up study of 84 pediatric patients. Neurology. 2002; 59:1224–1231.

6. Menge T, Hemmer B, Nessler S, et al. Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis: an update. Arch Neurol. 2005; 62:1673–1680.

7. Noorbakhsh F, Johnson RT, Emery D. Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis: clinical and pathogenesis features. Neurol Clin. 2008; 26:759–780.

8. Alper G, Heyman R, Wang L. Multiple sclerosis and acute disseminated encephalomyelitis diagnosed in children after long-term follow-up: comparison of presenting features. Dev Med Child Neurol. 2009; 51:480–486.

9. Anlar B, Basaran C, Kose G, et al. Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis in children: outcome and prognosis. Neuropediatrics. 2003; 34:194–199.

10. Banwell B, Kennedy J, Sadovnick D, et al. Incidence of acquired demyelination of the CNS in Canadian children. Neurology. 2009; 72:232–239.

11. Dale RC, de Sousa C, Chong WK, et al. Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, multiphasic disseminated encephalomyelitis and multiple sclerosis in children. Brain. 2000; 12:2407–2422.

12. Murthy SN, Faden HS, Cohen ME, et al. Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis in children. Pediatrics. 2002; 110:e21.

13. Tenembaum S, Chitnis T, Ness J, et al. Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. Neurology. 2007; 68(16 Suppl 2):S23–S36.

14. Krupp LB, Tardieu M, Amato MP, et al. International Pediatric Multiple Sclerosis Study Group criteria for pediatric multiple sclerosis and immune-mediated central nervous system demyelination disorders: revisions to the 2007 definitions. Mult Scler. 2013; 19:1261–1267.

15. Hynson JL, Kornberg AJ, Coleman LT, et al. Clinical and neuroradiologic features of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis in children. Neurology. 2001; 56:1308–1312.

16. da Rocha AJ, Barros BR, Guedes BV, et al. Idiopathic inflammatory demyelinating disorders of the central nervous system in children. Top Magn Reson Imaging. 2011; 22:223–237.

17. Young NP, Weinshenker BG, Parisi JE, et al. Perivenous demyelination: association with clinically defined acute disseminated encephalomyelitis and comparison with pathologically confirmed multiple sclerosis. Brain. 2010; 133:333–348.

18. Wingerchuk DM, Lucchinetti CF. Comparative immunopathogenesis of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, neuromyelitis optica, and multiple sclerosis. Curr Opin Neurol. 2007; 20:343–350.

19. Wucherpfennig KW, Strominger JL. Molecular mimicry in T cell-mediated

autoimmunity: viral peptides activate human T cell clones specific for myelin basic protein. Cell. 1995; 80:695–705.

20. Alper G. Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis. J Child Neurol. 2012; 27:1408–1425.

21. Menge T, Kieseier BC, Nessler S, et al. Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis: an acute hit against the brain. Curr Opin Neurol. 2007; 20:247–254.

22. Reindl M, Di Pauli F, Rostsy K, et al. The spectrum of MOG autoantibody-associated demyelinating diseases. Nat Rev Neurol. 2013; 9: 455–461.

23. Rostasy K, Reindl M. Role of autoantibodies in acquired inflammatory demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system in children. Neuropediatrics. 2013; 44:297–301.

24. Brilot F, Dale RC, Selter RC, et al. Antibodies to native myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein in children with inflammatory demyelinating central nervous system disease. Ann Neurol. 2009; 66:833–842.

25. Di Pauli F, Mader S, Rostásy K, et al. Temporal dynamics of anti-MOG antibodies in CNS demyelinating diseases. Clin Immunol. 2011; 138:247–254.

26. O'Connor KC, McLaughlin KA, De Jager PL, et al. Self-antigen tetramers discriminate between myelin autoantibodies to native or denatured protein. Nat Med. 2007; 13:211–217.

27. McLaughlin KA, Chitnis T, Newcombe J, et al. Age-dependent B cell autoimmunity to a myelin surface antigen in pediatric multiple sclerosis. J Immunol. 2009; 183:4067–4076.