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Investigadores del Howard Hughes Medical Institute y de la Brandeis University (Estados Unidos) han descubierto que un tipo de canal iónico primitivo, similar a los que se encuentran en las células nerviosas de los mamíferos, ayuda a las bacterias a sobrevivir en el ambiente ácido del estómago de sus huéspedes.
El hallazgo sugiere un mecanismo factible por el que las bacterias resisten la acidez durante largo tiempo. Además, según los autores, también permite averiguar por qué las bacterias tienen la misma forma que los canales de iones, proteínas que controlan el flujo de iones a través de la membrana celular.
Publican su investigación en el último número de "Nature", donde presentan pruebas de que el canal del cloro es parte integral de la respuesta de resistencia a la acidez extrema de la bacteria Escherichia coli.
Además, de este microorganismo, señalan que otras bacterias causantes de enfermedad, como la del cólera y la de la salmonelosis, poseen genes para los canales del cloro y tal vez utilizan el mismo mecanismo que E. coli para sobre vivir en el estómago.
Nature 2002;419:715-717
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