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Según informa la revista "American Journal of Epidemiology", la cafeína no incrementa el riesgo de bajo peso de los recién nacidos o de parto prematuro, ni tiene efectos sobre el crecimiento del feto en el útero, a menos que se consuman más de 600 mg diarios (unas seis tazas de café). En concreto, sobre una muestra de unas 2.300 mujeres, los investigadores han averiguado que, por el consumo de 100 mg diarios de cafeína (una taza de café), el peso del recién nacido puede reducirse unos 28 gr. Esta disminución de peso, según los especialistas, no tiene efectos clínicos.
En este sentido, los investigadores recuerdan que los efectos sobre el peso del neonato son mucho más marcados en el caso de madres que fuman durante el embarazo. Diez cigarrillos al día reduce el peso del recién nacido en 180 gr y 20 cigarrillos, hasta 360 gr.