Desde hace 50 años la comunidad pediátrica comenzó a hacerse consciente de 2 problemas desconocidos hasta ese momento: el síndrome de muerte súbita en la infancia y la realidad del abuso infantil.
Recientemente han aparecido tanto en la literatura médica como en la prensa diaria informes de muertes infantiles por abuso que fueron diagnosticadas inicialmente como síndrome de muerte súbita. Efectuar la diferencia correcta entre síndrome de muerte súbita y el abuso de un niño con resultado fatal es una decisión diagnostica critica.
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