Trastorno de la personalidad

1 Yang M, Coid J, Tyrer P. Personality pathology recorded by severity: national survey. Br J Psychiatry 2010;197:193-9.
2 Rutter M. Temperament, personality and personality disorder. Br J Psychiatry 1987;150:443-58.
3 Kendell RE. The distinction between personality disorder and mental illness. Br J Psychiatry2002;180:110-5.
4 Zanarini MC, Frankenburg FR, Reich DB, Fitzmaurice G. Attainment and stability of sustained symptomatic remission and recovery among patients with borderline personality disorder and axis II comparison subjects: a 16-year prospective follow-up study. Am J Psychiatry 2012;169:476-83.
5 McMain SF, Guimond T, Streiner DL, Cardish RJ, Links PS. Dialectical behavior therapy compared with general psychiatric management for borderline personality disorder: clinical outcomes and functioning over a 2-year follow-up. Am J Psychiatry 2012;169:650-61.
6 Bateman A, Fonagy P. 8-year follow-up of patients treated for borderline personality disorder: mentalization-based treatment versus treatment as usual. Am J Psychiatry 2008;165:631-8.
7 Jackson HJ, Burgess PM. Personality disorders in the community: results from the Australian national survey of mental health and well-being, part III. Relationships between specific type of personality disorder, axis I mental disorders and physical conditions with disability and health consultations. Soc Psychiatry Psychiatr Epidemiol 2004;39:765-7.
8 Hölzel L, Härter M, Reese C, Kriston L. Risk factors for chronic depression—a systematic review. J Affect Disord 2010;129:1-13.
9 Athanassios D, Tsopelas C, Tzeferakos G. Medical comorbidity of cluster B personality disorders. Curr Opin Psychiatry 2012;25:398-404.
10 Samuels J. Personality disorders: epidemiology and public health issues. Int Rev Psychiatry 2011;23:223-33.
11 Yu R, Geddes JR, Fazel S. Personality disorders, violence, and antisocial behavior: a systematic review and meta-regression analysis. J Personal Disord 2012;26:775-92.
12 American Psychiatric Association. Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. 5th ed. American Psychiatric Publishing, 2013. 13 Tyrer P, Crawford M, Mulder R, Blashfield R, Farnam A, Fossati A, et al. The rationale for the reclassification of personality disorder in the 11th revision of the international classification of diseases (ICD-11). Personal Ment Health 2011;5:246-59.
14 Reichborn-Kjennerud T. Genetics of personality disorders. Psychiatr Clin N Am 2008;31:421-40.
15 Kendall T, Pilling S, Tyrer P, Duggan C, Burbeck R, Meader N, et al. Borderline and antisocial personality disorders: summary of NICE guidance. BMJ 2009;338:293-5.
16 Linehan MM, Comtois KA, Murray AM, Brown MZ, Gallop RJ, Heard HL, et al. Two-year randomized controlled trial and follow-up of dialectical behavior therapy vs. therapy by experts for suicidal behaviours and borderline personality disorder. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2006;63:757-66.
17 Bateman A, Fonagy P. Randomized controlled trial of outpatient mentalization-based treatment versus structured clinical management for borderline personality disorder. Am J Psychiatry 2009;166:1355-64.
18 Young JE, Klosko J, Weishaar ME. Schema therapy: a practioner’s guide. Guilford Press, 2003.
19 Giesen-Bloo J, van Dyck R, Spinhoven P, van Tilburg W, Dirksen C, van Asselt T, et al. Outpatient psychotherapy for borderline personality disorder: randomized trial of schema-focused therapy vs. transference-focused psychotherapy. Arch Gen Psychiatry 2006;63:649-58.
20 Doering S, Horz S, Rentrop M, Fischer-Kern M, Schuster P, Benecke C, et al. Transference-focused psychotherapy v treatment by community psychotherapists for borderline personality disorder: randomised controlled trial. Br J Psychiatry 2010;196:389-95.
21 Clarke S, Thomas P, James K. Cognitive analytic therapy for personality disorder: randomised controlled trial. Br J Psychiatry 2013;202:129-34.
22 Blum N, St John D, Pfohl B, Stuart S, McCormick B, Allen J, et al. Systems training for emotional predictability and problem solving (STEPPS) for outpatients with borderline personality disorder: a randomized controlled trial and 1-year follow-up. Am J Psychiatry 2008;165:468-78.
23 Weinberg I, Gunderson JG, Hennen J, Cutter CJ Jr. Manual assisted cognitive treatment for deliberate self-harm in borderline personality disorder patients. J Pers Disord 2006;20:482-92.
24 Bateman A. Treating borderline personality disorder in clinical practice. Am J Psychiatry 2012;169:560-3.
25 Lieb K, Vollm B, Rucker G, Timmer A, Stoffers JM. Pharmacotherapy for borderline personality disorder: Cochrane systematic review of randomised trials. Br J Psychiatry 2010;196:4-12.
26 Gibbon S, Duggan C, Stoffers J, Huband N, Vollm BA, Ferriter M, et al. Psychological interventions for antisocial personality disorder. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2010;6:CD007668.
27 Khalifa N, Duggan C, Stoffers J, Huband N, Völlm BA, Ferriter M, et al. Pharmacological interventions for antisocial personality disorder. Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2010;8:CD007667.
28 Miller S, Crawford M. Open access community support groups for people with personality disorder: attendance and impact on use of other services. Psychiatrist 2010;34:177-81.
29 Chamberlain IJ, Sampson S. Nidotherapy for schizophrenia. Schizophr Bull 2013;39:17-21. 30 Moran P, Rendu A, Jenkins R, Tylee A, Mann A. The impact of personality disorder in UK primary care: a 1-year follow-up of attenders. Psychol Med 2001;31:1447-54.
31 Moran P, Leese M, Lee T, Walters P, Thornicroft G, Mann A. Standardised assessment of personality-abbreviated scale (SAPAS): preliminary validation of a brief screen for personality disorder. Br J Psychiatry 2003;183:228-32.
32 Westwood L, Baker J. Attitudes and perceptions of mental health nurses towards borderline personality disorder clients in acute mental health settings: a review of the literature. J Psychiatr Ment Health Nursing 2010;17:657-62.
33 Goodrich J. Schwartz centre rounds: evaluation of UK pilots. King’s Fund, 2011. www. kingsfund.org.uk/publications/schwartz-center-rounds-pilot-evaluation.
34 Kjeldmand D, Holmstrom I. Balint groups as a means to increase job satisfaction and prevent burnout among general practitioners. Ann Fam Med 2008;6:138-45.
35 Department of Health. Personality disorder: no longer a diagnosis of exclusion: policy implementation guidance for the development of services for people with personality disorder. 2003.