Puntaje de calcio en las arterias coronarias

1. Hansson GK. Inflammation, atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease. N Engl J Med 2005; 352(16):1685–1695.

2. Ross R. Atherosclerosis--an inflammatory disease. N Engl J Med 1999; 340(2):115– 126. doi:10.1056/NEJM199901143400207

3. Stary HC, Chandler AB, Dinsmore RE, et al. A definition of advanced types of atherosclerotic lesions and a histological classification of atherosclerosis: a report from the Committee on Vascular Lesions of the Council on Arteriosclerosis, American Heart Association. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol 1995; 15(9):1512–1531.

4. Maurovich-Horvat P, Ferencik M, Voros S, Merkely B, Hoffmann U. Comprehensive plaque assessment by coronary CT angiography. Nat Rev Cardiol 2014; 11(7):390–402. doi:10.1038/nrcardio.2014.60

5. Eggen DA, Strong JP, McGill HC. Coronary calcification. Relationship to clinically significant coronary lesions and race, sex, and topographic distribution. Circulation 1965; 32(6):948–955.

6. Oliver MF, Samuel E, Morley P, Young GB, Kapur PL. Detection of coronary-artery calcification during life. Lancet 1964; 283(7339):891–895. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(64)91625-3

7. Sangiorgi G, Rumberger JA, Severson A, et al. Arterial calcification and not lumen stenosis is highly correlated with atherosclerotic plaque burden in humans: a histologic study of 723 coronary artery segments using non decalcifying methodology. J Am Coll Cardiol 1998; 31(1):126–133. doi:10.1016/S0735-1097(97)00443-9

8. Baumgart D, Schmermund A, Goerge G, et al. Comparison of electron beam computed tomography with intracoronary ultrasound and coronary angiography for detection of coronary atherosclerosis. J Am Coll Cardiol 1997; 30(1):57–64. pmid:9207621

9. Krishnamoorthy P, Vengrenyuk Y, Ueda H, et al. Three-dimensional volumetric assessment of coronary artery calcification in patients with stable coronary artery disease by OCT. EuroIntervention 2017; 13(3):312–319.

10. Budoff MJ, Achenbach S, Blumenthal RS, et al. Assessment of coronary artery disease by cardiac computed tomography: a scientific statement from the American Heart Association Committee on Cardiovascular Imaging and Intervention, Council on Cardiovascular Radiology and Intervention, and Committee on C. Circulation 2006;114(16):1761–1791.

11. Schoepf UJ, Becker CR, Bruening RD, et al. Electrocardiographically gated thin-section CT of the lung. Radiology 1999; 212(3):649–654.

12. Abbara S, Arbab-Zadeh A, Callister TQ, et al. SCCT guidelines for performance of coronary computed tomographic angiography: a report of the Society of Cardiovascular Computed Tomography Guidelines Committee. J Cardiovasc Comput Tomogr 2009; 3(3):190–204.

13. Nakazato R, Dey D, Gutstein A, et al. Coronary artery calcium scoring using a reduced tube voltage and radiation dose protocol with dual-source computed tomography. J Cardiovasc Comput Tomogr 2009; 3(6):394–400.

14. Hecht HS, De Siqueira MEM, Cham M, et al. Low- vs. standard-dose coronary artery calcium scanning. Eur Heart J Cardiovasc Imaging 2015; 16(4):358–363. doi:10.1093/ehjci/jeu218

15. Agatston AS, Janowitz WR, Hildner FJ, Zusmer NR, Viamonte M, Detrano R. Quantification of coronary artery calcium using ultrafast computed tomography. J Am Coll Cardiol 1990; 15(4):827–832.

16. Nezarat N, Kim M, Budoff M. Role of coronary calcium for risk stratification and prognostication. Curr Treat Options Cardiovasc Med2017; 19(2):8.

17. Callister TQ, Cooil B, Raya SP, Lippolis NJ, Russo DJ, Raggi P. Coronary artery disease: improved reproducibility of calcium scoring with an electron-beam CT volumetric method. Radiology 1998;208(3):807–814.

18. Budoff MJ, Georgiou D, Brody A, et al. Ultrafast computed tomography as a diagnostic modality in the detection of coronary artery disease: a multicenter study. Circulation 1996; 93(5):898–904.

19. Budoff MJ, Diamond GA, Raggi P, et al. Continuous probabilistic prediction of angiographically significant coronary artery disease using electron beam tomography. Circulation 2002; 105(15):1791–1796.

20. Blaha MJ, Cainzos-Achirica M, Greenland P, et al. Role of coronary artery calcium score of zero and other negative risk markers for cardiovascular disease: the Multi-Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Circulation 2016; 133(9):849–858.

21. Pletcher MJ, Tice JA, Pignone M, Browner WS. Using the coronary artery calcium score to predict coronary heart disease events: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Intern Med 2004;164(12):1285–1292.

22. Kavousi M, Desai CS, Ayers C, et al. Prevalence and prognostic implications of coronary artery calcification in low-risk women: a meta-analysis. JAMA 2016; 316(20):2126–2134.

23. Detrano R, Guerci AD, Carr JJ, et al. Coronary calcium as a predictor of coronary events in four racial or ethnic groups. N Engl J Med 2008; 358(13):1336-1345. doi:10.1056/NEJMoa072100

24. Carr JJ, Jacobs DR, Terry JG, et al. Association of coronary artery calcium in adults aged 32 to 46 years with incident coronary heart disease and death. JAMA Cardiol 2017; 2(4):391–399.

25. Budoff MJ, Shaw LJ, Liu ST, et al. Long-term prognosis associated with coronary calcifi cation. Observations from a registry of 25,253 patients. J Am Coll Cardiol 2007; 49(18):1860–1870.

26. Nasir K, Rubin J, Blaha MJ, et al. Interplay of coronary artery calcification and traditional risk factors for the prediction of all-cause mortality in asymptomatic individuals. Circ Cardiovasc Imaging 2012;5(4):467–473.

27. Shaw LJ, Giambrone AE, Blaha MJ, et al. Long-term prognosis after coronary artery calcifi cation testing in asymptomatic patients: a cohort study. Ann Intern Med 2015; 163(1):14–21.

28. Jackson G, Nehra A, Miner M, et al. The assessment of vascular risk in men with erectile dysfunction: the role of the cardiologist and general physician. Int J Clin Pract 2013; 67(11):1163–1172.

29. Cook NR, Paynter NP, Eaton CB, et al. Comparison of the Framingham and Reynolds risk scores for global cardiovascular risk prediction in the multiethnic Women’s Health Initiative. Circulation 2012;125(14):1748–1756.

30. Ford ES, Giles WH, Mokdad AH. The distribution of 10-year risk for coronary heart disease among U.S. adults: fi ndings from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III. J Am Coll Cardiol 2004; 43(10):1791–1796.