Los fumadores tienen más riesgo de desarrollar depresión que las personas que nunca han fumado, según indica un estudio a largo plazo llevado a cabo en la University of Helsinki (Finlandia) con hermanos mellizos. No obstante, según publican en “Psychological Medicine”, esa relación no se registró en personas que habían dejado de fumar varios años antes.
Los resultados derivan de una muestra de 4.000 y 5.000 mellizos finlandeses, varones y niñas, respectivamente, a los que se les controló la salud y el comportamiento durante 15 años. Los resultados sugieren que fumar de manera crónica predice la aparición de síntomas depresivos.
Tras considerar otros factores asociados con la depresión, el aumento del riesgo del trastorno en los fumadores siguió siendo significativo sólo entre los varones.
Los investigadores hallaron evidencia también de que los fumadores que habían abandonado el hábito años antes tenían alto riesgo de depresión, aunque sólo en el corto plazo.
Los exfumadores que no volvieron a fumar no registraron un aumento del riesgo de depresión al compararlos con los no fumadores.
Psychological Medicine 2007;37:705-715
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