La US Preventive Services Task Force, organismo encargado de establecer los programas preventivos en Estados Unidos, ha actualizado sus directrices sobre cribado del VIH, que databan de 1996, y recomienda ahora que se practique la prueba del sida a todas las mujeres embarazadas.
De este modo, las mujeres seropositivas gestantes pueden comenzar el tratamiento antirretroviral y reducir así el riesgo de transmisión vertical de la infección a su futuro hijo. También se recomienda en estos casos evitar la lactancia materna, ya que incrementa el riesgo transmisión.
Según "Annals of Internal Medicine", la Task Force continúa aconsejando el cribado a los adolescentes y adultos con uno o más factores de riesgo individuales, entre ellos a varones que han mantenido relaciones sexuales con varones después de 1975, a cualquier persona que haya tenido relaciones sexuales no protegidas con múltiples parejas, a las usuarios de drogas por vía parenteral, a varones y mujeres que han pagado por mantener relaciones sexuales o que tienen parejas sexuales que lo han hecho, a individuos que han sido tratados por enfermedades de transmisión sexual, así como a personas que recibieron transfusiones de sangre entre 1978 y 1985.
En la actualidad no se recomienda el cribado de rutina a adolescentes o adultos sin factores de riesgo.
Webs Relacionadas
Annals of Internal Medicine
US Preventive Services Task Force
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