Aunque no está claro por qué los bebés más pequeños pueden tener un mayor riesgo –son varios los estudios que han encontrado esta asociación-, se cree que una inadecuada nutrición en el útero puede afectar de forma permanente la programación del sistema hormonal. Islandia tiene uno de los promedios más elevados de peso al nacer y una tasa reducida de diabetes tipo 2, a pesar de presentar una alta prevalencia de obesidad en comparación con los países vecinos.
Para investigar esta relación, los investigadores recogieron los datos de peso y estatura al nacer de más de 4.600 hombres y mujeres adultos, de entre 33 y 65 años, y también evaluaron la presencia de intolerancia a la glucosa. Tras ajustar los datos de acuerdo con el índice de masa corporal (IMC), los resultados muestran que los hombres y las mujeres más grandes al nacer tienen una mejor tolerancia a la glucosa.
Webs Relacionadas
University of Iceland
http://www.hi.is/
American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
http://www.ajcn.org/
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