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El ácido fólico, pertenece al grupo de vitaminas B, es hidrosoluble, y hasta el momento no ha presentado toxicidad. Por ser un nutriente esencial no puede ser sintetizado por el hombre, incorporándolo al organismo mediante la dieta.
Mecanismo de Acción
Los folatos poseen dos efectos fisiológicos importantes: actúan como cofactor para enzimas que sintetizan ADN y ARN; y son necesarios para la transformación de homocisteína en metionina. La hiperhomocisteinemia constituye un factor de riesgo para patologías cardiovasculares.
Los folatos poseen dos efectos fisiológicos importantes: actúan como cofactor para enzimas que sintetizan ADN y ARN; y son necesarios para la transformación de homocisteína en metionina. La hiperhomocisteinemia constituye un factor de riesgo para patologías cardiovasculares.
Durante la embriogénesis, los requerimientos de folatos son máximas. La deficiencia de ácido fólico inhibe la síntesis de ácidos nucleicos, y las células no pueden producir ADN para la mitosis.