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De este modo, la FDA afirmó que las dosis podrían ser producidas rápidamente en caso de que el virus reapareciera, a pesar de que las autoridades sanitarias declararan erradicada la enfermedad en todo el mundo en 1980.
Según explicó el director del Centro de Evaluaciones Biológicas e Investigación de la FDA, Jesse L. Goodman, "se refuerza el actual suministro de vacuna contra la viruela", al tiempo que admitió estar "mejor preparados para proteger a la población si el virus es utilizado como arma".
La vacuna está elaborada mediante tecnología moderna para el cultivo de células, lo que permite su fabricación masiva en caso de ser necesario. De hecho, los Centros para el Control y la Prevención las Enfermedades (CDC) cuenta ya con 192,5 millones de dosis de esta vacuna.
Tras los atentados terroristas del 11 de septiembre de 2001 surgieron los temores de que la viruela y otros patógenos pudieran ser utilizados como armas en un atentado terrorista, por lo que desde este momento se ha procedido al almacenamiento de ciertas vacunas en caso de que sean necesarias y se vacunó a algunos profesionales sanitarios y de las fuerzas armadas.