La DMS es la mayor causa de pérdida irreversible de visión en la mayoría de los países desarrollados. Los tratamientos disponibles y los métodos de prevención son muy limitados. Por ello, es importante la detección de los factores de riesgo para establecer comportamientos preventivos que reduzcan la prevalencia de la enfermedad y también su progresión en las últimas fases de la enfermedad.
En este sentido, "Current Opinion in Ophthalmology" informa de una revisión de varios estudios, realizada en la Stony Brook University (Nueva York), con el fin de actualizar los conocimientos sobre DMS. Los datos obtenidos señalan que la etiología y patogénesis de la enfermedad son muy complejas y están relacionadas interacciones genéticas y factores exógenos. De ellos, los más significativos son la edad y el tabaquismo, que sin duda aumentan el riesgo de DMS. La hipertensión y los procesos arterioscleróticos son también evidentes factores de riesgo.
Con todo, se han identificado, asimismo, aspectos nutricionales como factores de riesgo importantes. Fundamentalmente, hay que destacar, en este aspecto, la carencia de vitaminas, cinc y antioxidantes.
Webs Relacionadas
Stony Brook University
http://www.sunysb.edu/
Current Opinion in Ophthalmology
http://ipsapp006.lwwonline.com/
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