Evaluación clínica | 30 MAR 05
Manejo y diagnóstico de la Galactorrea
La galactorrea más común es la producida por un tumor hipofisario, pero hay que tener en cuenta la secundaria a acciones farmacológicas.
Autor/a: Dres. Leung AK, Pacaud D. Am Fam Physician. 2004 Aug 1;70(3):543-50.
Desarrollo
1. Jardines L. Management of nipple discharge. Am Surg 1996;62:119-22.
2. Luciano AA. Clinical presentation of hyperprolactinemia. J Reprod Med 1999;44(12 suppl):1085-90.
3. Spack NP, Neinstein LS. Galactorrhea. In: Neinstein LS. Adolescent health care: a practical guide. 4th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2002:1045-51.
4. Benjamin F. Normal lactation and galactorrhea. Clin Obstet Gynecol 1994;37:887-97.
5. Rohn RD. Benign galactorrhea/breast discharge in adolescent males probably due to breast self-manipulation. J Adolesc Health Care 1984;5:210-2.
6. Biller BM. Hyperprolactinemia. Int J Fertil Womens Med 1999;44:74-7.
7. Alikasifoglu A, Kandemir N, Akalan N, Yordam N. Pituitary adenoma associated with gigantism and hyperprolactinemia. Pediatr Neurosurg 2001;35:325-8.
8. Burger N, Healy D, Vollenhoven BJ. Prolactinoma. In: Felig P, Frohman LA. Endocrinology and metabolism. 4th ed. New York: McGraw Hill, 2001:752-3.
9. Raber W, Gessl A, Nowotny P, Vierhapper H. Hyperprolactinaemia in hypothyroidism: clinical significance and impact of TSH normalization. Clin Endocrinol [Oxf] 2003;58:185-91.
10. Serri O, Chik CL, Ur E, Ezzat S. Diagnosis and management of hyperprolactinemia. CMAJ 2003;169:575-81.
11. Falkenberry SS. Nipple discharge. Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am 2002;29:21-9.
12. Kapcala LP. Galactorrhea and thyrotoxicosis. Arch Intern Med 1984;144:2349-50.
13. Mah PM, Webster J. Hyperprolactinemia: etiology, diagnosis, and management. Semin Reprod Med 2002;20:365-74.
14. Yarkony GM, Novick AK, Roth EJ, Kirschner KL, Rayner S, Betts HB. Galactorrhea: a complication of spinal cord injury. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1992;73:878-80.
15. Madlon-Kay DJ. 'Witch's milk'. Galactorrhea in the newborn. Am J Dis Child 1986;140:252-3.
16. Rajasoorya C. Hyperprolactinaemia and its clinical significance. Singapore Med J 2001;42:398-401.
17. Bankowski BJ, Zacur HA. Dopamine agonist therapy for hyperprolactinemia. Clin Obstet Gynecol 2003;46: 349-62.
18. Morrison C. The significance of nipple discharge: diagnosis and treatment regimes. Lippincotts Prim Care Pract 1998;2:129-40.
19. Galli-Tsinopoulou A, Nousia-Arvanitakis S, Mitsiakos G, Karamouzis M, Dimitriadis A. Osteopenia in children and adolescents with hyperprolactinemia. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2000;13:439-41.
20. Sanfili
2. Luciano AA. Clinical presentation of hyperprolactinemia. J Reprod Med 1999;44(12 suppl):1085-90.
3. Spack NP, Neinstein LS. Galactorrhea. In: Neinstein LS. Adolescent health care: a practical guide. 4th ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, 2002:1045-51.
4. Benjamin F. Normal lactation and galactorrhea. Clin Obstet Gynecol 1994;37:887-97.
5. Rohn RD. Benign galactorrhea/breast discharge in adolescent males probably due to breast self-manipulation. J Adolesc Health Care 1984;5:210-2.
6. Biller BM. Hyperprolactinemia. Int J Fertil Womens Med 1999;44:74-7.
7. Alikasifoglu A, Kandemir N, Akalan N, Yordam N. Pituitary adenoma associated with gigantism and hyperprolactinemia. Pediatr Neurosurg 2001;35:325-8.
8. Burger N, Healy D, Vollenhoven BJ. Prolactinoma. In: Felig P, Frohman LA. Endocrinology and metabolism. 4th ed. New York: McGraw Hill, 2001:752-3.
9. Raber W, Gessl A, Nowotny P, Vierhapper H. Hyperprolactinaemia in hypothyroidism: clinical significance and impact of TSH normalization. Clin Endocrinol [Oxf] 2003;58:185-91.
10. Serri O, Chik CL, Ur E, Ezzat S. Diagnosis and management of hyperprolactinemia. CMAJ 2003;169:575-81.
11. Falkenberry SS. Nipple discharge. Obstet Gynecol Clin North Am 2002;29:21-9.
12. Kapcala LP. Galactorrhea and thyrotoxicosis. Arch Intern Med 1984;144:2349-50.
13. Mah PM, Webster J. Hyperprolactinemia: etiology, diagnosis, and management. Semin Reprod Med 2002;20:365-74.
14. Yarkony GM, Novick AK, Roth EJ, Kirschner KL, Rayner S, Betts HB. Galactorrhea: a complication of spinal cord injury. Arch Phys Med Rehabil 1992;73:878-80.
15. Madlon-Kay DJ. 'Witch's milk'. Galactorrhea in the newborn. Am J Dis Child 1986;140:252-3.
16. Rajasoorya C. Hyperprolactinaemia and its clinical significance. Singapore Med J 2001;42:398-401.
17. Bankowski BJ, Zacur HA. Dopamine agonist therapy for hyperprolactinemia. Clin Obstet Gynecol 2003;46: 349-62.
18. Morrison C. The significance of nipple discharge: diagnosis and treatment regimes. Lippincotts Prim Care Pract 1998;2:129-40.
19. Galli-Tsinopoulou A, Nousia-Arvanitakis S, Mitsiakos G, Karamouzis M, Dimitriadis A. Osteopenia in children and adolescents with hyperprolactinemia. J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2000;13:439-41.
20. Sanfili
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