1. Reinhart K, Daniels R, Kissoon N, et al. Recognizing sepsis as a global health priority—a WHO resolution. N Engl J Med 2017;377(5):414–7.
2. Vincent JL, Jones G, David S, et al. Frequency and mortality of septic shock in Europe and North America: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Crit Care 2019. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13054-019-2478-6.
3. American College of Chest Physicians/Society of Critical Care Medicine Consensus Conference: definitions for sepsis and organ failure and guidelines for the use of innovative therapies in sepsis. Crit Care Med 1992. https://doi. org/10.1097/00003246-199206000-00025.
4. Bone RC, Balk RA, Cerra FB, et al. Definitions for sepsis and organ failure and guidelines for the use of innovative therapies in sepsis. Chest 1992;101(6): 1644–55.
5. Levy MM, Fink MP, Marshall JC, et al. 2001 SCCM/ESICM/ACCP/ATS/SIS International Sepsis Definitions Conference. Crit Care Med 2003. https://doi.org/10. 1097/01.CCM.0000050454.01978.3B.
6. Vincent JL, Opal SM, Marshall JC, et al. Sepsis definitions: time for change. Lancet 2013;381(9868):774–5.
7. Sprung CL, Sakr Y, Vincent JL, et al. An evaluation of systemic inflammatory response syndrome signs in the Sepsis Occurrence in Acutely ill Patients (SOAP) study. Intensive Care Med 2006;32(3):421–7.
8. Kaukonen KM, Bailey M, Pilcher D, et al. Systemic inflammatory response syndrome criteria in defining severe sepsis. N Engl J Med 2015;372(17):1629–38.
9. Singer M, Deutschman CS, Seymour CW, et al. The Third International Consensus definitions for sepsis and septic shock (sepsis-3). JAMA 2016;315(8):801–10.
10. Abraham E. New definitions for sepsis and septic shock. JAMA 2017;114(29–30): 801–10.
11. Cecconi M, Evans L, Levy M, et al. Sepsis and septic shock. Lancet 2018; 392(10141):75–87.
12. Haydar S, Spanier M, Weems P, et al. Comparison of qSOFA score and SIRS criteria as screening mechanisms for emergency department sepsis. Am J Emerg Med 2017;35(11):1730–3.
13. Usman OA, Usman AA, Ward MA. Comparison of SIRS, qSOFA, and NEWS for the early identification of sepsis in the emergency department. Am J Emerg Med 2018;37(8):1490–7.
14. Raith EP, Udy AA, Bailey M, et al. Prognostic accuracy of the SOFA score, SIRS criteria, and qSOFA score for in-hospital mortality among adults with suspected infection admitted to the intensive care unit. JAMA 2017;317(3):290–300.
15. Fernando SM, Tran A, Taljaard M, et al. Prognostic accuracy of the quick sequential organ failure assessment for mortality in patients with suspected infection: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Intern Med 2018;168(4):266–75.
16. Rhee C, Dantes R, Epstein L, et al. Incidence and trends of sepsis in US hospitals using clinical vs claims data, 2009-2014. JAMA 2017;318(13):1241–9.
17. Vincent JL, Rello J, Marshall J, et al. International study of the prevalence and outcomes of infection in intensive care units. JAMA 2009;302(21):2323–9.
18. Movat HZ, Burrowes CE, Cybulsky MI, et al. Acute inflammation and a Shwartzman-like reaction induced by interleukin-1 and tumor necrosis factor. Synergistic action of the cytokines in the induction of inflammation and microvascular injury. Am J Pathol 1987;129(3):463–76.
19. Dinarello CA, Okusawa S, Gelfand JA. Interleukin-1 induces a shock-like state in rabbits: synergism with tumor necrosis factor and the effect of cyclooxygenase inhibition. Prog Clin Biol Res 1989;286:243–63.
20. Blackwell TS, Christman JW. Sepsis and cytokines: current status. Br J Anaesth 1996;77(1):110–7.
21. Piechota M, Banach M, Irzmanski R, et al. Plasma endothelin-1 levels in septic patients. J Intensive Care Med 2007;22(4):232–9. 10
22. Ince C, Mayeux PR, Nguyen T, et al. The endothelium in sepsis. Shock 2016; 45(3):259–70.
23. Zhang ZS, Chen W, Li T, et al. Organ-specific changes in vascular reactivity and roles of inducible nitric oxide synthase and endothelin-1 in a rabbit endotoxic shock model. J Trauma Acute Care Surg 2018;85(4):725–33.
24. Vieillard-Baron A, Caille V, Charron C, et al. Actual incidence of global left ventricular hypokinesia in adult septic shock. Crit Care Med 2008;36(6):1701–6.
25. Hotchkiss RS, Moldawer LL, Opal SM, et al. Sepsis and septic shock HHS public access. Nat Rev Dis Primers 2017. https://doi.org/10.1038/nrdp.2016.45.
26. Kim WY, Hong SB. Sepsis and acute respiratory distress syndrome: recent update. Tuberc Respir Dis (Seoul) 2016. https://doi.org/10.4046/trd.2016.79.2.53.
27. Mikkelsen ME, Shah CV, Meyer NJ, et al. The epidemiology of acute respiratory distress syndrome in patients presenting to the emergency department with severe sepsis. Shock 2013. https://doi.org/10.1097/SHK.0b013e3182a64682.
28. Bagshaw SM, Uchino S, Bellomo R, et al. Septic acute kidney injury in critically ill patients: clinical characteristics and outcomes. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2007. https://doi.org/10.2215/CJN.03681106.
29. De Mendonc¸a A, Vincent JL, Suter PM, et al. Acute renal failure in the ICU: risk factors and outcome evaluated by the SOFA score. Intensive Care Med 2000. https://doi.org/10.1007/s001340051281.
30. Zarjou A, Agarwal A. Sepsis and acute kidney injury. J Am Soc Nephrol 2011. https://doi.org/10.1681/ASN.2010050484.
31. Godin M, Murray P, Mehta RL. Clinical approach to the patient with AKI and sepsis. Semin Nephrol 2015. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.semnephrol.2015.01.003.
32. Barbar SD, Clere-Jehl R, Bourredjem A, et al. Timing of renal-replacement therapy in patients with acute kidney injury and sepsis. N Engl J Med 2018. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1803213.
33. Goyette RE, Key NS, Ely EW. Hematologic changes in sepsis and their therapeutic implications. Semin Respir Crit Care Med 2004. https://doi.org/10.1055/s2004-860979.
34. Mammen EF. The haematological manifestations of sepsis. J Antimicrob Chemother 1998. https://doi.org/10.1093/jac/41.suppl_1.17.
35. Angus DC, Linde-Zwirble WT, Lidicker J, et al. Epidemiology of severe sepsis in the United States: analysis of incidence, outcome, and associated costs of care. Crit Care Med 2001. https://doi.org/10.1097/00003246-200107000-00002.
36. Rhodes A, Evans LE, Alhazzani W, et al. Surviving sepsis campaign: international guidelines for management of sepsis and septic shock: 2016. Crit Care Med 2017. https://doi.org/10.1097/CCM.0000000000002255.
Comentarios
Para ver los comentarios de sus colegas o para expresar su opinión debe ingresar con su cuenta de IntraMed.